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Laser Crystal

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Overview

Laser Crystal Ti:Sapphire Nd:YAG Nd:YVO4
 
Physical and Optical Properties
Chemical formula Ti 3+ : Al2O3 Nd:Y3 Al5 O12 Nd:YVO4
Crystal structure Hexagonal Cubic Zircon Tetragonal, space group D4h,
Melting point 2050°C 1970°C  
Density 3.98 g/cm3 4.56 g/cm3 4.22 g/cm3
Mohs hardness 9 8.5 Glass-like, ~5
Thermal conductivity Coefficient 0.11 cal/(°C x sec x cm) 14 W/m /K @20 °C, 10.5 W /m /K @100 °C. ||C: 5.23 W/m/K; ^C: 5.10 W/m/K
Thermal Expansion Coefficient   7.8 x 10-6 /K [111], 0 - 250 °C aa=4.43x10-6/K, ac=11.37x10-6/K
Lasing Wavelength 660~1050 nm (795 nm) 1064 nm 914nm, 1064 nm, 1342 nm
Absorption range 400~600 nm (488 nm) lamp pump 808nm
Lattice constants a=4.748, c=12.957 12.01 a=b=7.12, c=6.29
Fluorescence lifetime 3.2 µsec (T = 300 K) 230msec 90 msec (about 50 m s for 2 atm% Nd doped) @ 808 nm
Absorption Coefficient 1.0~7.5cm -1 @490nm 7.1 cm-1 31.4 cm -1 @ 808 nm
Refractive index 1.76 @ 800 nm 1.82 @1064nm no =1.9573, ne =2.1652 @ 1064nm
Polarized Emission Unpolarized Unpolarized parallel to optic axis (c-axis)
Typical Specification and Tolerance
conentration 0.06~0.5 wt% Ti dopant 0.5~1.2 atm% Nd dopant (10% tolerance) 0.2 ~ 3 atm% Nd dopant (10% tolerance)
Figure of Merit 100~300    
Aperature 2~50mm 3 ~ 14mm 1 ~ 20mm
Path Length 2~130mm 1 ~ 160mm 0.02 ~ 20mm
End configuration flat/flat or Brewster/Brewster ends or Specified flat/flat or Brewster/Brewster ends or Specified flat/flat or Brewster/Brewster ends or Specified
Orientation Optical axis C normal to rod axis <111> crystalline direction (+/-0.5°C) a-cut crystalline direction (+/-0.5°C)
parallelism <λ/10 arc seconds
Surface quality better than 60/40 scratch/dig per MIL-O-13830A better than 20/10 Scratch/Dig per MIL-O-1380A better than 20/10 Scratch/Dig per MIL-O-1380A
Surface flatness <λ/10 @633nm <λ/10 at 632.8nm <λ/10 at 632.8nm
Wavefront distortion <λ/4 per inch @ 633 nm <λ/10 at 632.8nm for 3 ~7mm
<λ/8 per inch at 632.8nm for >=7mm
<λ/8 at 633nm
Perpendicularity < 5 arc minutes < 5 arc minutes < 5 arc minutes
Clear aperture Central 90% Central 95% Central 95%
Chamfer 0.15x44° 0.15x45° 0.15x45°
Damage threshold over 15J/cm2 (rods without coating)
over 700MW/cm2 (coating)
over 15J/cm2 (rods without coating)
over 700MW/cm2 (coating)
over 15J/cm2 (rods without coating)
over 700MW/cm2 (coating)
Coatings AR@700~1100nm a) AR@1064nm,R<0.1%
b) AR@1064nm,R<0.1%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
c) HR@1064nm,R<99.8%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
d) HR@1064nm,R<99.8%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
HR@532nm,R>99%;
a) AR@1064nm,R<0.1%
b) AR@1064nm,R<0.1%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
c) HR@1064nm,R<99.8%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
d) HR@1064nm,R<99.8%;
HT@808nm,T>95%;
HR@532nm,R>99%;

 

 

 

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